{"id":8807,"date":"2021-03-08T15:29:48","date_gmt":"2021-03-08T14:29:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/articulos-imex-ed1_1-independencia-politica-periodicos\/"},"modified":"2021-08-09T19:32:55","modified_gmt":"2021-08-09T18:32:55","slug":"articulos-imex-ed1_1-independencia-politica-periodicos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-imex-ed1_1-independencia-politica-periodicos\/","title":{"rendered":"1.1 Frank Leinen \u2013 El dif\u00edcil camino hacia la Independencia"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;31&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;left top&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;slow&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;30&#8243; overlay_strength=&#8221;1&#8243; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small accent-color has-icon regular-button\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/download\/8728\/\" data-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Download Article<\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221;][vc_column_inner column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;30&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">El dif\u00edcil camino hacia la <em>Independencia<\/em>: los desaf\u00edos de la emancipaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica y del compromiso period\u00edstico en M\u00e9xico<br \/>\n(pp. 23-69; DOI: 10.23692\/Articulos_iMex1.1_2)<\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><div class=\"ead-preview\"><div class=\"ead-document\" style=\"position: relative;\"><div class=\"ead-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe src=\"\/\/docs.google.com\/viewer?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imex-revista.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2_FL_Independencia-periodismo_1_1_ArticulosiMex.pdf&amp;embedded=true&amp;hl=en\" title=\"Embedded Document\" class=\"ead-iframe\" style=\"width: 80%;height: 80%;border: none;min-height: 500px;visibility: hidden;\"><\/iframe><\/div>\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-document-loading\" style=\"width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;left:0;top:0;z-index:10;\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-loading-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-loading-main\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-loading\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/embed-any-document\/images\/loading.svg\" width=\"55\" height=\"55\" alt=\"Loader\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Loading...<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-loading-foot\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-loading-foot-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/embed-any-document\/images\/EAD-logo.svg\" alt=\"EAD Logo\" width=\"36\" height=\"23\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Taking too long?<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ead-document-btn ead-reload-btn\" role=\"button\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/embed-any-document\/images\/reload.svg\" alt=\"Reload\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\"\/> Reload document\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>|<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2_FL_Independencia-periodismo_1_1_ArticulosiMex.pdf\" class=\"ead-document-btn\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/plugins\/embed-any-document\/images\/open.svg\" alt=\"Open\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\"\/> Open in new tab\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;80&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<h3><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">Prof. Dr. Frank Leinen<br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3773 size-full alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Leinen_iMex.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"140\" height=\"203\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">Frank Leinen has been working as a professor for Romance literary studies at the Heinrich Heine University of D\u00fcsseldorf since 1999. In 1990, he completed his PhD at the University of Trier, the same university he also received his habilitation in Romance philology from in 1998. Within his general interests in Latin American studies, he especially focuses on the field of Mexican studies and particularly on the discussion of cultural theoretical and cultural philosophical questions, as well as the study of 19th-century literature, contemporary literature and popular fiction.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">In the field of Spanish philology, he is mainly dedicated to the analysis of writing under the threat of censorship. His most recent studies in French and Spanish literature, as well as contemporary film, focus above all on intercultural hermeneutics, post-colonialism and the topic of transcultural processes. The experimental French and Belgian comics represent another thematic priority in his work. Frank Leinen has been awarded several prizes in the field of research. In addition to the essays in the study areas mentioned above, the following have been published: \u201cFlaubert and the commonplace. Manifestations of stereotypes in the works of Gustave Flaubert\u201d (<em>Flaubert und der Gemeinplatz. Erscheinungsformen der Stereotypie im Werk Gustave Flauberts<\/em>, 1990); \u201cVisions of a new Mexico. The cultural model, emerged from the Ateneo de la Juventud, in the context of the Mexican search of self: an analysis based on identity theory\u201d\u00a0 (<em>Visionen eines neuen Mexiko. Das aus dem Ateneo de la Juventud hervorgegangene Kulturmodell im Kontext der mexikanischen Selbstsuche: eine identit\u00e4tstheoretische Analyse<\/em>, 2000). (Ed), \u201cLiterary encounters. Romance studies of cultural identity, difference and alterity\u201d (<em>Literarische Begegnungen. Romanistische Studien zur kulturellen Identit\u00e4t, Differenz und Alterit\u00e4t<\/em>, 2002). (Ed with Guido Rings), \u201cWorld of pictures \u2013 world of text \u2013 world of comics\u201d (<em>Bilderwelten \u2013 Textwelten \u2013 Comicwelten<\/em>, 2007).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">Currently, he is working on the edition of the anthology \u201cMexico 2010: 200 years of independence \u2013 a 100 years since the Mexican Revolution. Culture on the move \u2013 myths under the microscope\u201d (<em>M\u00e9xico 2010: 200 Jahre Unabh\u00e4ngigkeit \u2013 100 Jahre Mexikanische Revolution. Kultur in Bewegung \u2013 Mythen auf dem Pr\u00fcfstand.<\/em>) The publication of the critical edition of the <em>Journal d\u2019un voyageur pendant la guerre<\/em>, the diary of George Sand at the time of the Franco-German war in 1870\/71, is planned for 2012.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][divider line_type=&#8221;No Line&#8221; custom_height=&#8221;50&#8243;][tabbed_section style=&#8221;default&#8221; alignment=&#8221;left&#8221; spacing=&#8221;default&#8221; tab_color=&#8221;Accent-Color&#8221;][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;Abstract&#8221; id=&#8221;1580125134478-03edf-7e4c&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1615208931897-3&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">On the occasion of the bicentenary of the Mexican Declaration of Independence in 1821, this article aims to examine the extent to which political and social processes, the gradual emergence of a public space and the increasingly dynamic development of the press interacted in the run-up to this event. The study reveals that in the course of the formation of a public opinion in the sense of Habermas, many periodicals saw themselves as instruments of resistance against Spanish rule. It becomes clear that the struggle for freedom of the press was a particularly important concern of editors and publishers, as was their involvement in nation-building. During this process, a number of national myths emerged that were intended to help mask the massive socio-political aporias and social dislocations. The article also reveals that even before 1821 a struggle for leadership in opinion-building between conservative and liberal periodicals had begun, in which Iturbide wanted to intervene by bringing the press into line. But this measure also contributed to his eventual failure, because the censorship ordered by Iturbide and the attempts to prevent the development of a polyphonically structured press landscape did not meet with the approval of the Mexican public. His political opponents, it becomes clear, were thus offered another argument for his removal.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/tab][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;Resumen&#8221; id=&#8221;1580125134518-13edf-7e4c&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1615208931923-6&#8243;][vc_column_text]\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #b0b0b0;\">Con motivo del bicentenario de la Declaraci\u00f3n de Independencia de M\u00e9xico en 1821, este art\u00edculo pretende examinar en qu\u00e9 medida los procesos pol\u00edticos y sociales, el progresivo establecimiento de una esfera p\u00fablica y el desarrollo cada vez m\u00e1s din\u00e1mico de la prensa interactuaron en el periodo previo a este acontecimiento. La investigaci\u00f3n revela que en el curso de la formaci\u00f3n de una &#8220;opini\u00f3n p\u00fablica&#8221; en el sentido de Habermas, muchas publicaciones peri\u00f3dicas se consideraron a s\u00ed mismas como instrumentos de resistencia contra el dominio espa\u00f1ol. Queda claro que la lucha por la libertad de prensa era una preocupaci\u00f3n especialmente importante para los editores y directores de estas publicaciones, tal como su compromiso con el <em>nation-building<\/em> mexicano.\u00a0 Durante este proceso, surgieron en los peri\u00f3dicos una serie de mitos nacionales que pretend\u00edan ayudar a enmascarar las grandes apor\u00edas sociopol\u00edticas y las discordias sociales. El art\u00edculo tambi\u00e9n expone que ya antes de 1821 se hab\u00eda iniciado una lucha por el liderazgo de opini\u00f3n entre las publicaciones peri\u00f3dicas conservadoras y liberales, en la que Iturbide trat\u00f3 de intervenir por el control pol\u00edtico de la prensa. No obstante esta medida tambi\u00e9n contribuy\u00f3 a su fracaso, pues la censura ordenada por Iturbide y los intentos de impedir el desarrollo de un paisaje de prensa polif\u00f3nico no contaron con la aprobaci\u00f3n del p\u00fablico mexicano. Sus oponentes pol\u00edticos, se hace evidente, ten\u00edan as\u00ed otro argumento para pedir su destituci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/tab][tab icon_family=&#8221;none&#8221; title=&#8221;2021 Articles iMex vol.1&#8243; id=&#8221;1580125134563-43edf-7e4c&#8221; tab_id=&#8221;1615208931951-6&#8243;][vc_column_text]<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-iMex-ed1_1-Rosa-Blanca\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Humberto Ortega Villase\u00f1or \u2013 <em>La Rosa Blanca<\/em> sobre el f\u00e9retro de un suicida<\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-iMex-ed1_1-Independencia-politica-periodicos\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Frank Leinen \u2013 El dif\u00edcil camino hacia la <em>Independencia<\/em><\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-iMex-ed1_1-biopolitica-enfermedad-discapacidad\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Etna Avalos \u2013 Biopol\u00edtica, enfermedad y discapacidad en <em>Teor\u00eda de las cat\u00e1strofes<\/em><\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-iMex-ed1_1-PedroParamo-SilentHill\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Daniel Calleros Villareal \u2013 Lectura l\u00fadica en Pedro P\u00e1ramo y Silent Hill<\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-imex-ed1_2-entre-lugar\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Vittoria Bors\u00f2 \u2013 Entre-lugar<\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>\n<a class=\"nectar-button n-sc-button small see-through-2 has-icon\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imex-revista.com\/en\/articulos-iMex-ed1_1-reviews\" data-color-override=\"#ffffff\" data-hover-color-override=\"false\" data-hover-text-color-override=\"#fff\"><span>Rese\u00f1as<\/span><i class=\"icon-button-arrow\"><\/i><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/tab][\/tabbed_section][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;full_width_background&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; bg_image=&#8221;31&#8243; bg_position=&#8221;left top&#8221; bg_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; parallax_bg=&#8221;true&#8221; parallax_bg_speed=&#8221;slow&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; top_padding=&#8221;0&#8243; bottom_padding=&#8221;30&#8243; overlay_strength=&#8221;1&#8243; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; shape_type=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221;][vc_column_text] \u00a0 [\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13091,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2006,1995,2007,1996],"tags":[1982,1983,1984],"class_list":["post-8807","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-articles-imex","category-articulos-imex-en","category-vol-1-2021","category-vol-1-ed-1-en","tag-espacios-publicos","tag-libertad-de-prensa","tag-nation-nuilding"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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